| Editor's Introduction | xi |
| Foreword | 1 |
| Introduction | 3 |
| §1. Primal Images and Primal Ways of Seeing | 3 |
| §2. Thought Images and Types | 12 |
| §3. History and the Present | 18 |
|
PART 1
SPECIES AND RACE IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY |
|
| 1. Exposition of the Species Problem | 29 |
| §1. Linnaeus' Concept of Species | 29 |
| §2. The Natural Method (Ray) | 31 |
| §3. Natural System and Scholastic System (Ray to Kant) | 34 |
| §4. The Essence (Ray to Goethe) | 38 |
| §5. Further Illumination of the Species Problem (Ray) | 41 |
| 2. Man's Position in the System of Nature | 44 |
| §1. Buffon | 45 |
| §2. Linnaeus | 50 |
| 3. Travelogues | 54 |
| 4. The Classification of Races: Buffon | 57 |
| §1. Espèce and variété | 57 |
| §2. The Norm and the Exotic | 58 |
| §3. Race | 60 |
| §4. Causes of Differences Among the Races | 61 |
| §5. The Unified Nature of Man | 63 |
| 5. The Classification of Races: Herder | 66 |
| 6. The Classification of Races: Blumenbach and Kant | 73 |
| 7. On the History of the Word Race | 80 |
|
PART
II
THE INTERNALIZATION OF BODY AND PERSON |
|
|
A. THE INTERNALIZATION OF THE BODY
|
|
| 8. Preformation and Epigenesis | 93 |
| 9. The Organism and the Animal in Itself: Wolff's Theoria Generationis | 99 |
| § 1. Vis essentialis and solidescibilitas | 99 |
| §2. Conception as a Borderline Case of Nourishment | 101 |
|
§3. The Word
Organism
in the Sense of
Mechanism
;
Preliminaries for the Change in Meaning |
102 |
|
§4. Preexistence of the Animal in Itself—Mechanistic
and Animalistic Functions |
103 |
| §5. Summarizing Characterization | 105 |
| 10. Reinterpretation of Mechanism as Organism | 107 |
| §1. Leibniz | 107 |
| §2. Oken | 111 |
| 11. Infinite Series and Finitization | 115 |
| §1. Buffon | 117 |
| §2. Leibniz | 119 |
| 12. Inner Form and Formative Drive | 122 |
| §1. Inner Form (Buffon) | 122 |
| §2. The Formative Drive (Blumenbach) | 123 |
| 13. The Concept of the Organism in the Critique of Judgment | 127 |
| 14. The Unfolding of the World of Organic Forms | 131 |
|
§ 1. The Diversity of Living Forms as a Real Continuum
of Reason (Leibniz) |
133 |
|
§2. The Diversity of Living Forms Under the Regulative
Idea of the Continuum (Kant) |
135 |
|
§3. The Transcendent Factual Order of the Series
(Herder, Goethe) |
137 |
| §4. The Immanent Factual Order of the Series (Kant) | 140 |
| §5. Life as Primary Phenomenon | 142 |
|
B. THE INTERNALIZATION OF THE PERSON
|
|
| 15. Immortality of the Person and Perfection of Generic Reason | 147 |
|
16. The Problem of the Finite Person; Specialization by the
Division of Labor; the Elite and the Masses |
154 |
|
17. The Person of Goethe as Ideal; Schiller's
Letters
on the Aesthetic Education of Man |
159 |
|
18. Wilhelm von Humboldt's Concept of Individuality;
The Force of Spirit |
164 |
|
19. Goethe's Person in the Work of Carus;
The State of Being Well-Born |
169 |
| 20. Carus' Race Theory | 173 |
| Index | 181 |
